This is a report of the 3rd National Community Health Financing Conference held at Imperial Royale Hotel, Kampala, on 8th and 9th November, 2018. The conference was organized by Save for Health Uganda (SHU), with funding from Bread for the World and in collaboration with the Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development

Why a renewal of primary health care (PHC), and why now, more than ever? The immediate answer is the palpable demand for it from Member States – not just from health professionals, but from the political arena as well. Globalization is putting the social cohesion of many countries under stress, and health systems, as key constituents of the architecture of contemporary societies, are clearly not performing as well as they could and as they should.

A key message of this report is that real progress in health depends vitally on stronger health systems based on primary health care. In most countries, there will be only limited advances towards the United Nations Millennium Development Goals and other national health priorities without the development of health care systems that respond to the complexity of current health challenges. Systems should integrate health promotion and disease prevention on the one hand and treatment for acute illness and chronic care on the other

The report describes the amount of disease, disability and death in the world today that can be attributed to a selected number of the most important risks to human health. This is of great interest in itself but, more importantly, the report also calculates how much of this present burden could be avoided in the next couple of decades if the same risk factors were reduced from now onwards

Part One begins, in Chapter 1, by reviewing the dramatic decline in mortality in the 20th century. Income growth and improved educational levels – and consequent improvements in food intake and sanitation – have accounted for part of the mortality decline; but access to new knowledge, drugs and vaccines appears to have been substantially more important.

Part One begins, in Chapter 1, by reviewing the dramatic decline in mortality in the 20th century. Income growth and improved educational levels – and consequent improvements in food intake and sanitation – have accounted for part of the mortality decline; but access to new knowledge, drugs and vaccines appears to have been substantially more important.

The Uganda Food and Nutrition Policy has been formulated within the context of the overall national development policy objective of eradicating poverty as spelt out in the Poverty Eradiation Action Plan (PEAP), and is in consonance with other policies already formulated by government

The manual is inteneded to help health, nutrition and other health professionals involved in the management of major health emergencies with a nutrition component weather at local, national or international level.

This report describes the country-level experiences of applying for support from the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) in Tanzania, Mozambique, Ghana and Lesotho; as well as early implementation experiences in the first three countries. The aim of the initiative is to raise immunisation coverage and introduce new and underutilised vaccines.

Adequate nutrition is an essential prerequisite for maintaining health status. The critical role nutrition plays in health and development warrants greater commitment to and investment in nutrition in Uganda. Moreover, such an investment is a necessary prerequisite for further progress on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), particularly the hunger and health MDGs. The overall goal of this Nutrition Situation Analysis is to raise awareness and political interest in addressing malnutrition in Uganda and to focus attention on and advocate for greater resources to be committed to addressing this serious problem. This report provides an analysis of the magnitude, consequences and causes of maternal and child malnutrition in Uganda and underscores the need to harness existing opportunities for improved development outcomes through increased investment in nutrition.

Anemia is a widespread public health problem associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, especially in pregnant women and young children. It is a disease with multiple causes, both nutritional (vitamin and mineral deficiencies) and non-nutritional (infection) that frequently co-occur. It is assumed that one of the most common contributing factors is iron deficiency, and anemia resulting from iron deficiency is considered to be one of the top ten contributors to the global burden of disease.

Although Uganda has reported a reduction in the mortality rates of children under five years of age (under-five)—from 175 deaths per 1,000 live births in 1990 to 90 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2011—child mortality and morbidity rates remain unacceptably high.1 Pneumonia, diarrhea, and malaria continue to be leading causes of mortality and morbidity among Ugandan children under-five, contributing to 40% of deaths in this age group.2 According to the Uganda national iCCM guidelines, each year, 33 million cases of malaria, diarrhea, and pneumonia go untreated. Only half (47%) of the children with symptoms of acute respiratory infection receive antibiotics,3 and only 35% of children with diarrhea receive oral rehydration salts (ORS).